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Active and Passive
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Active and Passive Voice
Definition
Active and Passive Voice describe how the action of a
verb relates to the subject and object in a sentence.
In Active Voice, the subject does the action.
In Passive Voice, the subject receives the action.
Example:
Active: Ali wrote a letter.
Passive: A letter was written by Ali.
📌 Simple idea:
Active → doer is important
Passive → action or result is important
Structure
Active Voice: Subject + verb + object
Passive Voice: Object + helping verb + past participle (V3)
+ by + subject
Example:
Active: She writes a letter.
Passive: A letter is written by her.
Five Examples
Active:
She writes a letter.
Passive: A letter is written by her.
Active:
They play cricket.
Passive: Cricket is played by them.
Active:
He completed the work.
Passive: The work was completed by him.
Active:
The teacher teaches English.
Passive: English is taught by the teacher.
Active:
We watch a movie.
Passive: A movie is watched by us.
Use Cases
When the doer is important:
Active voice is used.
Example: The student solved the problem.
When the action is important:
Passive voice is used.
Example: The problem was solved.
When the doer is unknown:
Passive voice is used.
Example: The window was broken.
In formal or academic writing:
Passive voice is often used.
Example: The lesson was explained clearly.
Common Mistakes
She write a letter → She writes a letter.
A letter written by her → A letter is written by her.
He completed the work → The work was completed by him.
They plays cricket → They play cricket.
The homework did by Ali → The homework was done by Ali.
Tip: Always use past participle (V3) in passive
voice.
Exercise Questions
Choose the correct passive form:
Ali
writes a letter.
A) A letter is written by Ali
B) A letter wrote by Ali
C) A letter is write by Ali
D) A letter writing by Ali
She
completed the work.
A) The work completed by her
B) The work was completed by her
C) The work is completed by her
D) The work has completed by her
They
play football.
A) Football played by them
B) Football is played by them
C) Football was played by them
D) Football playing by them
The
teacher teaches English.
A) English is taught by the teacher
B) English taught by the teacher
C) English teaching by the teacher
D) English was teach by the teacher
He
opened the door.
A) The door was opened by him
B) The door opened by him
C) The door is opened by him
D) The door opening by him
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IRO Quizzes Self-Assessment Test IRO No.1 Read the following passage and answer the given questions below: Education Research Passage Does Competition Improve Academic Performance? Competition has long been considered a motivating force in education. Many schools organize ranking systems, academic awards, and competitive examinations to encourage students to perform better. Supporters argue that competition pushes students to work harder, set higher goals, and develop resilience in the face of challenges. Recent research, however, presents mixed findings. A study conducted among 1,200 high school students revealed that moderate levels of competition improved academic performance by increasing motivation and focus. Students who participated in structured academic contests showed a 12% improvement in test scores compared to those in non-competitive environments. On the other hand, the same research found that excessive competition led to increased stres...
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